Anti-Meningococcal Vaccine

ANTI-MENINGOCOCCAL VACCINE

The Disease

The bacteria, Neisseria meningitidis, sometimes causes serious infections like meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain) and meningococcemia (dissemination in the bloodstream).

The infection is manifested principally by fever which can be accompanied by headache, nausea, vomiting and dark spots on the skin. Mortality occurs in 15% of cases even with appropriate treatment.

The infection is transmitted through saliva and nasal secretions of an infected person.

This bacteria is found in North America and infections are most often isolated cases. There are epidemics in certain regions of the world and certain travellers can benefit from vaccination.

The Vaccine

The vaccine is a suspension containing one component (the capsule) of the bacteria and it is designed to confer protection against the 4 varieties of Neisseria meningitidis. The response to each of these varieties varies with the age of the person infected. Vaccination offers good protection for a period of at least two years. If indicated, a booster dose can be administered.

Possible Side Effects and countermeasures:

1. In the majority of cases, the vaccine provokes no reaction.

2. Swelling, redness and sensitivity at the injection site can occasionally occur within the first 48 hours following vaccination. More severe local reactions can occur after a booster shot. Cold wet compresses reduce symptoms.

3. Rarely, fever, headache and malaise can follow vaccination. Rest, good hydration and anti-fever medication (if fever excedes 38.5°C oral or 39.5°C rectal) such as acetaminophen.

4. In the event of severe reactions follwing vaccination, consult a physician and be sure to let us know. Mention any reaction that occurs at the time of any future booster shots.

For more information concerning this vaccine, go to
www.hc-sc.gc.ca (Health Canada website).